I found betrayal to be a consistent theme throughout Invisible Man. The narrator was betrayed by a number of white men to include by Dr. Bledsoe with the fake letters of recommendation, by Mr. Brockway with his belief that the narrator was involved in union activities, by the doctors who use shock therapy on the narrator, and even by the white policemen that shoot Clifton for selling dolls on the street. I found it interesting upon reflection that the narrator was betrayed by an almost equal number of black men to include by Brother Wrestrum who accuses the narrator of selfish motives, by the leaders of the Brotherhood who exclude the narrator from secret strategy sessions, and even by Ras who sends his mob out to beat up the narrator. In the racially charged environment of the times, I was prepared for the deception by the white men, but I was caught off guard by the betrayal of the narrator’s fellow African Americans. My sensing is that the betrayal by his fellow African Americans completes the impression of desperation that the narrator must have felt. Faced with complete isolation and surely feeling vulnerable, I understood better the narrator decision to exclude himself from society by going “underground.”